Discussion Questions (Information Systems) Essay

Conversation Questions (Information Systems) - Essay Example Presently nobody can be considered responsible in such a situation in light of the fact that the clients have security issues if checking administrations are introduced. Additionally if the there is some issue in withdrawal of money because of moderate help and faces a line of individuals , the client erring on the side of caution ought to have been cautious and ought to have remembered the time edge while heading for the ATM. 2. Should organizations be answerable for joblessness brought about by their data frameworks? Why or why not? In the Era of Information innovation one can't envision themselves getting by in this serious world by adhering to the customary techniques for business and its tasks. Data frameworks had been essentially evolved as the requirement for upgrading the exhibition of business activity by sorting out and coordinating business exercises developed. Organizations can't be considered liable for the joblessness cause by transference of specific errands and occupa tions which were recently taken care of by individuals to the data frameworks. Rather individuals ought to figure out how to adapt up to such changes, should upgrade their abilities and ought to learn and develop themselves with firsthand experience.

Okonkwos Fear-From Things Fall Apart Essays - Free Essays

Okonkwo's Fear-From Things Fall Apart Essays - Free Essays Okonkwo's Fear-From Things Fall Apart Okonkwos dread Things Fall Apart, composed by Chinua Achebe, is an account of a man whose life is overwhelmed by his feelings of trepidation. There are numerous inconspicuous subjects all through this book. One subject that shouts out over the rest is Okonkwos, the fundamental character, dread of shortcoming as observed through his youth, his most seasoned child, and in the long run his passing. Since his youth, Okonkwo was embarrassed about his dad, In his day he (Unoka) was apathetic and improvident and was very unequipped for considering tomorrow(p.4). By the standard of his group, Unoka was a defeatist and waster. At the point when he was a youngster, a kid called Okonkwos father an agbala. This word implies lady just as a man who has no title. His remissness left various obligations unpaid at his demise. Embarrassed about his dad, Okonkwo tried sincerely and battled well to increase a notoriety of high status and impact in his family. He procured three spouses, one whom gave him his first child. Okonkwos first spouse, whose name is never referenced, brought forth his first child, Nwoye. Okonkwo saw Nwoye powerless and lethargic since the beginning. For this, Nwoye was beaten continually. Okonkwo was exceptionally requesting of his family due to his fixation not to resemble his dad. He mixed up this conduct as manliness. He wished his child were a promising, masculine child like his companion Obierikas child, Maduka, who was likewise an incredible warrior. One night the town of Umuofia was informed that somebody in Mbaino had slaughtered one of their little girls. The lady was Ugbeufi Udos spouse. The blood cost for the homicide was a virgin and youngster to Umuofia. The virgin was given to Ugbeufi Udo as his better half. They didn't have a clue how to manage the little youngster, Ikemefuna. Okonkwo was solicited for benefit from the family to deal with the kid. Furtively, Okonkwo became enamored with Ikemefuna, Even Okonkwo himself turned out to be extremely partial to the k id deep down obviously. Okonkwo never indicated any feeling transparently, except if it be the feeling of anger(p.28). Ikemefuna lived with Okonkwo and his family for a long time until the opportunity arrived when the Oracle said that Ikemefuna must be killed. Okonkwo was cautioned not to have any part in murdering the kid who called him father. He disregarded this and after returning sank into a profound wretchedness which encouraged the tribulation within him. The passing of Ikemefuna, yet additionally the unintentional murdering of Ogbeufi Ezeudus child, which gets Okonkwo and his family banished for a long time, helpers in his downturn. To make amends for the slaughtering of his clansmens child, Okonkwo and his family were thrown out of Umuofia and had to go live with his moms group in Mbanta. In their second year a gathering of six preachers made a trip to Mbanta and attempted to convince the individuals from their bogus divine forces of wood and stone to the one genuine God. They caught Nwoye and he later joined their assembly. When Okonkwo was educated regarding the news he choked Nwoye out of frustration. He addressed how he could have fathered such a feeble child. Toward the finish of the seven-year banish, Okonkwo had the option to get back. Be that as it may, the congregation had taken over Umuofia too. Nothing was the equivalent. Okonkwo would not incorporate with the new guests. He imagined that the factions inability to evacuate them was womanly. Practically glad once more, Okonkwo started to acknowledge the new Umuofia. At that point the pioneers of the tribe, including Okonkwo, were taken for deliver by the congregation. Profoundly enraged by what was occurring, Okonkwo slaughtered one of the pioneers at a gathering. The appeasement of Okonkwos faction is the thing that discouraged him. He realized his group would not do battle. This longing to act viciously all returns to his dads absence of want. At long last the brutality chose Okonkwo, when he hung himself. All in all, every one of these viewpoints: his youth, his first child and Ikemefuna, and his demise contribute in clarifying Okonkwos dread of shortcoming. Okonkwos life was constrained by his feelings of dread. He esteemed the accomplishment of his family and the network with his own prosperity. On the off chance that Nwoye was frail it was on the grounds that

Examining The Topic Of The Book, Henrietta Lacks Handbook

Examining The Topic Of The Book, Henrietta Lacks HandbookHave you recently read through the Henrietta Lacks Handbook and noticed a problem that has been noted by many readers? What has shocked you is that, in Henrietta's essay, it seems like she writes about subjects that are not topical or current. Is this true or a mistake?The book focuses on the discovery of the human papillomavirus (HPV) over a few years by Louis Pasteur and his colleagues. Henrietta's topic would be connected to the disease, it is an example of. But, interestingly, when you look at the thesis statement, you will notice that it is from the year 1986.Of course, that is the year the first case of cervical cancer was diagnosed by Harvey Karp. However, is it possible that after that, everything that ever happened for the rest of her life did not happen to Henrietta? It is just as likely that she wrote her essay in her late 20s or early 30s. Also, maybe things have changed since then and she did not live through the p eriod where that research occurred.You have probably seen a presentation about the benefits of the vaccine known as Gardasil that was introduced to combat HPV. Many people view this as a great thing but others do not. Some feel that it may cause the prevalence of cervical cancer to increase.When you ask experts about the relationship between Harvey Karp and the virus that cause cervical cancer, they will say that there are too many unknowns at this point. The research is still going on. If you do want to learn more about it, you can find more about the topic by searching the Internet.Henrietta seems to discuss it briefly and the person reviewing her essay says it seems that she does not understand the topic. However, that is only the case with her topic. When you compare her essay with another essay by the same author, you will notice that one is about national parks and the other is about women's health.Her topic is not current and you will find several instances where she talks ab out something that has already happened. In some cases, she mentions something that is out of date. For example, she talks about the cost of health care and also mentions that, depending on what type of insurance you have, health care costs will vary.So, the essay topics that are written may have to do with things that are current, but you must have your eye on the big picture. Be sure that what you write is comprehensive and reflects all of the information that is being taught at school.

Mass Media and Popular Culture - 953 Words

Mass Media and Popular Culture March, 2009 Let us face the facts, mass media and popular culture need each other to coexist. Furthermore, in todays society the mass media serves the interest of popular culture. Moreover, it is the vehicle of free speech in a diverse, multicultural society. In addition, mass media refers to communication via radio, televisions, movie theaters, television, newspapers, magazines, and, etc; thereby, reaching out to the larger audience. On the contrary, popular culture can refer broadly to common aesthetic or life practices, in both the statistical and qualitative senses. However, therapists have used the term more precisely to designate a particular form of common culture that arises only in the†¦show more content†¦Society mimics what is seen and heard through the media. (Rigel) â€Å"The tendency to aggression is an innate, independent, instinctual disposition in man... it constitutes the powerful obstacle to culture† Sigmund Freud. American popular culture is largely impacted by mass media in every sense. Popular culture in American is influenced by the internet and globalized because of the various was to communicate quickly around the world. American popular culture is what each person makes of it in their own terms based on the perception of the information received through mass media. The many forms of relaying the mass media information such as television, radio and Internet to name a few have sculpted the way Americans feel, believe, act and react to various situations. A person cannot avoid mass media unless he or she had no form of electronics nor did he or she walk outside or read the newspaper. Therefore, each decision and thought created in the minds of Americans is somehow affected by American popular culture. The decisions do no t always follow the crowd but move against it, either way a person can make the decision to follow or drift alone. These decisions, methods of thinking, actions and reactions have all developed into cultural values of the American people. Cultural values revolve around popular culture because they create the ideals that people live by.Show MoreRelatedMass Media and Popular Culture1367 Words   |  6 PagesHow has mass media a created a relationship among popular culture, mass media and different forms of dissemination? Mass media is any form of communication used to reach a large group of people. There are different types of media; examples of media are magazines, movies, television, books, recording devices, radio and the internet. As time goes on, new and improved technology is developed in the mass media industry for communicating and entertainment purposes. As mass media continues to grow andRead MoreEssay about Mass Media and Popular Culture1491 Words   |  6 PagesMass Medi a and Popular Culture: Effects on the Population Mass Media and Popular Culture Mass media and popular culture go hand in hand. This paper will discuss the impact of mass media on enculturation, examine the relationships among media, advertising and the formation of normative cultural values, and discuss the impact of the internet on popular culture and the way we communicate today. Real world examples of this impact will be provided to prove our point of view and the overall effectRead MoreThe And Dissemination Of Cultural Values, Ideologies, And Hierarchies832 Words   |  4 Pagessemiotics, important issues to understand the full web of the â€Å"word-concept† culture, dominate much of the theory and practice. 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Over the previous number of decades our society and culture has changed significantlyRead MoreWhy Is Medium Is The Massage Essay1528 Words   |  7 PagesWhy is Medium Message? Marshall McLuhan, a technological determinist, says in his book ‘Medium is the massage’ that the most widespread modern media influence how humans think, act and perceive the world around them. He states that the medium significantly influences the message that people will receive, and thus, the same message is perceived by the same individual in several ways if he receives them in a different way. The expression the medium is the message means that recipient receives messagesRead MoreThe Political Economy And Cultural Studies Theories1429 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Mass media plays an important role in the society by providing entertainment, information and acting as the government’s overseer. Several scholars have developed philosophies that help people understand how mass media fulfills its roles in the society. For example, Horkheimer and Adorno have constructed theories that explain the functions and impacts of mass media in the society across the globe (Mosco, 2008). The central theme in all mass communication models entails the meaning of media contentsRead MoreCulture and the Mass Media1400 Words   |  6 PagesImpact of Mass Media on Enculturation The mass media and culture go hand and hand in today s society. The American culture thrives on the Mass media and this has become American culture today. â€Å"Mass media is any medium used to transmit mass communication. Until recently mass media was clearly defined and was comprised of the eight mass media industries; books, newspapers, magazines, recordings, radio, movies, television and the Internet (Lane, 2007).† The mas media is no longer simple to defineRead MoreChilean Journalism Practices And How They Have Evolved And Respond Within The Culture1104 Words   |  5 Pagesto changes within the culture. Different platforms took different directions depending on whether they were national and supported by the government or private and supported independently. (Mellado 140) As the Chilean government allowed more â€Å"freedom of speech† with the country, more media platforms came about. 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Media such as newspaper, television and film, are important sources of information, education and entertainment. It can be used to learn more about the world and the people in it. In this regard it can be said that the media represent, interpret and endorse aspects of social experience (O’Shaughnessy and Stadler, 2005). The media are also implicated in social regulat ion, or in other terms, the government of society. The media are implicated

Analysis Of The Black Cat And Frankenstein - 1750 Words

In horror, the most fascinating and complex relationship is found between the protagonist and the â€Å"other.† The protagonist is the leading or major character in a literary work. They are at the centre of the story, make the major decisions and therefore suffer the consequences of those decisions. In an era of racial tension and ever growing disparity between the wealthy and poor, horror seems to use these powerless groups in its narratives. These groups are called the â€Å"other.† The â€Å"other† are those who do not have the power of the establishment or those with less power. They are repressed and forced into submission by the establishment. This creates conflict as the marginalized â€Å"other† seek to change the system to benefit them. Two great literary works that illustrate the dynamic between protagonist and â€Å"other† are The Black Cat and Frankenstein. In The Black Cat the protagonist is an unnamed man who abuses his cat representi ng the â€Å"other† in his life. Gouging out his cats eye and hanging his cat ends up brining about his demise at the hands of the â€Å"other.† This demise is the result of the cat becoming part of the establishment and the narrator moving away from it. The iconic novel Frankenstein tells the story of the protagonist, Victor Frankenstein and his relationship with the monster he creates, representing the â€Å"other.† The consequences of Frankenstein pushing the monster away from civilization and treating it like Satan end up killing Frankenstein and those he lovesShow MoreRelatedHorror Genre Dissertation6741 Words   |  27 PagesCabinet of Dr Caligari (1919) and F.W.Murnau’s Nosferatu (1922). In the 1930’s production was being dominated in Hollywood. The films being created took influence from the German Expressionism era and put real focus on the villain as a monster. Frankenstein in 1931 by James Whale and Tod Browning’s Dracula also in 1931 were the main films out at the time made by Universal Pictures. These films are often used to prove the link between horror and the relatively respectable tradition of Gothic literatureRead MoreMasculinity in Chuck Palahniuks Work7062 Words   |  29 PagesMachiavellian and self-serving wars, have rendered men yearning for integral and worthy of emulation, male role models.2   Mendieta’s analysis of Palahniuk’s work takes a very direct approach in margining masculinity in crisis, directly blaming culture itself. I believe that Palahniuk’s characters are not victims of society’s emasculating effects, but subject to their own self-analysis.   What truly interests Palahniuk is the nature of man in response to this.   Palahniuk’s concern is not that men are no longerRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pageslooking at alternative actions that can be taken, then considering the probable good consequences of each action and the probable bad consequences while weighing the positive and negative impact of each consequence. It’s a kind of cost-benefit analysis. Exercises 1. Columbus Day is an American holiday. Write a short essay that weighs the pros and cons and then comes to a decision about whether there should be more or less public celebration (by Americans and their institutions) on ColumbusRead MoreMetz Film Language a Semiotics of the Cinema PDF100902 Words   |  316 PagesPhenomenology of the Narrative, 16 II Problems of Film Semiotics Chapter 3. Chapter 4. Chapter 5. The Cinema: Language or Language System? 31 Some Points in the Semiotics of the Cinema, 92 Problems of Denotation in the Fiction Film, 108 III Syntagmatic Analysis of the Image Track Chapter 6. Outline of the Autonomous Segments in Jacques Rozier s film Adieu Philippine, 149 Chapter 7. Syntagmatic Study of Jacques Rozier s Film Adieu Philippine, 177 vii viii CONTENTS IV The Modern Cinema: Some Theoretical

Period 2 Organization and Reorganization of Human...

PERIOD 2: Organization and Reorganization of Human Societies, c. 600 BCE to c. 600 CE The Development and Codification of Religious and Cultural Traditions I. Codifications and further developments of existing religious traditions provided a bond among the people and an ethical code to live by. A. The association of monotheism with Judaism was further developed with the codification of the Hebrew Scriptures, which also reflected the influence of Mesopotamian cultural and legal traditions. The Assyrian, Babylonian, and Roman empires conquered various Jewish states at different points in time. These conquests contributed to the growth of Jewish diasporic communities around the Mediterranean and Middle East. B. The core beliefs†¦show more content†¦C. The convergence of Greco-Roman culture and Buddhist beliefs affected the development of unique sculptural developments. The Development of States and Empires I. The number and size of key states and empires grew dramatically by imposing political unity on areas where previously there had been competing states: Southwest Asia—Persian Empires; East Asia—Qin and Han Empires; South Asia—Maurya and Gupta Empires; Mediterranean region—Phoenicia and its colonies, Greek city-states and colonies, and Hellenistic and Roman Empires; Mesoamerica—Teotihuacan, Maya city-states; Andean South America—Moche. II. Empires and states developed new techniques of imperial administration based, in part, on the success of earlier political forms. A. In order to organize their subjects, the rulers created administrative institutions in many regions: centralized governments, elaborate legal systems and bureaucracies—China, Persia, Rome, South Asia. B. Imperial governments projected military power over large areas using a variety of techniques: diplomacy, developing supply lines; building fortifications, defensive walls, and roads; drawing new groups of military officers and soldiers from local populations or conquered peoples. C. Much of the success of the empires rested on their promotion of trade and economic integration by building and maintaining roads and issuing currencies.Show MoreRelatedAP World1176 Words   |  5 Pagescomplex civilizationsandjudgewhether theycould develop without any recognizable centralized control Big Picture Questions 1. â€Å"The particular cultures and societies of Africa and of the Americas discussed in this chapter developed largely in isolation from one another.† What evidence would support this statement and what might challenge it? 2. â€Å"How do you understand areas of the world, such as Bantu Africa and North America, that did not generate â€Å"civilizations†? Do you see them as â€Å"backward†, asRead MoreMonsanto: Better Living Through Genetic Engineering96204 Words   |  385 PagesS S T E P 1 W H AT INDUSTRY IS IT? You must decide on this early. This is an important step, because it changes the analysis – for example, your industry analysis will yield different conclusions depending on what industry you determine. STEP 2 GENERAL A N A LY S I S ENVIRONMENT Analyse the six generic elements – economic, sociocultural, global, technological, political/legal and demographic – and work out what the important facts are. There may be many issues and facts in each element

Business Planning Start-up Changes

Question: What was included in the business plans? What were the good and bad aspects? Which one section of the business plan do you think is most important? If you were in charge of business planning how would you improve these business plan? The learning are: Apply understanding of the inter-relationships of key business functions Critically evaluate the value to the firm of proposed investment projects Apply understanding of the impact of ICT skills in formulating a business plan Answer: What was included in the business plans? From years of working experience, it has been found that there are mainly three types of business plans used by various organizations. They are such as startup business plan (business plan of Amazon), standardize business plan (used by Samsung) and lean business plan (Xeroxs lean six sigma business model). There are various aspects included in these business plans. They are mentioned below: Startup business plan of Amazon According to Westwood (2013), the business plan that is used to initiate a business is known as startup business plan. Amazons startup business plan includes factors like startup states of the business, startup cost, and milestones. In addition, the legal expenses incurred from graphics, logo, website designing and fixing up the store is also included in it (Wentzensen and Wacholder 2013). It also includes the assets that are required for business. They are such as vehicles, inventory, office furniture and equipment (Nattrass and Altomare 2013). Samsungs Standardize business plan As Manyika et al. (2013) stated that, most of the standardize business plan starts with a summary. It includes different sections related with the company such as product or service it sells, target market, development of goals and milestones, management team and forecasting. As (Zikmund et al. 2013) mentioned that there are different tactics included in the standardize business plan of the company Samsung. They are such as management plan, product plan, financial projection and marketing plan. The financial projection includes three major essentials. They are like balance sheet, profit loss, and cash flow. Samsungs Standardize business plan also adds personal spending in every department. As Kwong et al. (2012) stated that, the key behind the success of Samsungs standardize business plan is the communication between different departments. The company has used ICT technology efficiently to improve communication between different departments. Xeroxs lean six-sigma business model It has been found that the company Xerox uses lean Six Sigma business plan in order to manage tactics, deadlines, strategy, cash flow, and activities. As Blank (2013) stated that, there four major elements are included in the lean Six Sigma business plan of the company Xerox. They are mentioned below: Development of strategy The target market for the organization is defined. In addition long-term business goals for the organization are developed along with the business offerings (Barrow et al. 2012). Development of tactics to execute those strategies As Mullins (2012) mentioned that, this plan includes different marketing decisions related to marketing, pricing, promotion, website, channels, social media, and advertising. All the product and service related tactics are also developed at this stage. They are such as launching dates, packaging, and development of new versions of products. Specification development It includes a list of task responsibilities, assumptions, milestones, the number of tracks and objective measurements (Mullins 2012). Significant numbers In this section, various essential numbers are included. They are such as spending budget, sales forecast for the company and cash flow. What were the good and bad aspects? There are some positive and negatives aspects of all these three business plans have been analyzed. They are discussed below in the table: Business plans Good aspects Bad aspects Startup business plan of Amazon Startup business plan of Amazon breaks out the steps and requirements to initiate a business. This type of plan is good for deciding whether a business is worth perusing or not (Zikmund et al. 2013). With the increase of business, necessary additions can be done in this business plan. This business plan is able to provide a preliminary analysis of the pricing, costs and the probable expenses of Amazon (Westwood 2013). Startup business plan of Amazon provides a preliminary idea about business expenses for websites, graphics, signage, product launch and service expenses. All these decisions are made on educated guesses. However, the business environment is changing every day. For this reason, the actual expenses can differ from the predicted expenses (Mullins 2012). It can reduce the efficiency of business operation for company Amazon. Samsungs Standardize business plan Samsungs Standardize business plan is able to meet all the business needs for prospective investors, partners and employees. The standard business plan has provides a projected cash flow for the company Samsung. Which always become beneficial for the company. As Blank (2013) stated that, a business could temporarily survive without benefit. However, it still needs cash to pay the bills. Since profit alone doesn't guarantee cash in bank, project cash flow is highly significant. Inadequate research work can decrease the effectiveness of a Standardize business plan. For example, Samsung needs to make ample research work on customer's purchasing behavior, competitor positioning, and overall market trends before developing a product (Manyika et al. 2013). From personal experience, it has been found that most of the business plans are developed based on assumptions. For this most of the other companies who standardized business model are not becoming successful (Samsung is exception). Xeroxs lean six-sigma business model It has already contributed hundreds of millions of Dollars in cost savings, cost and revenue of the company Xerox. Lean business plan is used to manage dates, tactics, business strategy, deadlines and cash flows for the company Xerox in an efficient manner. The company has generated $ 150 economic profit in the year of 2004 by using this model (Barrow et al. 2012). Blank (2013) stated that, this business plan is more efficient than standard business plan. This business plan helps to set deadline and milestones so that a project team can increase its speed to meet the organizational objectives. Lean business plan is more complicated in a structure in comparison to Standardize business plan (Manyika et al. 2013). Which one section of the business plan do you think is most important? From personal working experience; it has been found that maintaining inter-relationship of various business function is the most important part of all three business plans. It has been concluded that most of the businesses have five core business processes. They are such as business operations, product and service development marketing and sales functions, distribution and after sales services (Manyika et al. 2013). In addition, three support business processes characterize the firm. They are such as general management and firm infrastructure, human resource management and technology and process development. A business plan must try to develop effective interrelationship among different business functions. For example, business operation is the activity that that can transform inputs into final goods or services. A business plan should develop effective corporate governance strategies to support business operation of a company (Blank 2013). It includes finance, legal aspects, infrastructure, management and government relations. In order to improve product and service development, a company like Samsung needs to manage its budget effectively. With the help of a lean business plan, different tactics related to marketing, pricing, promotion, website, channels, social media, and advertising can be taken. All the product and service related tactics are also developed at this stage. They are such as launching dates, packaging, and development of new versions of products. In order to improve after sales service, a company must initiate some specific activities. It may include help-desk service, call center service, training, and customer support. All these aspects also need to be added in a business plan (Barrow et al. 2012). The most important aspect of a successful business is to develop effective communication between different departments and functions. A company like Xerox must use Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) programs to coordinate information in every section of the business. As Manyika et al. (2013) stated that, a company like Amazon needs to use common database and shared management tools to improve the flow of information. If you were in charge of business planning how would you improve these business plans? As the in charge of the business plan, certain strategies will be implemented to improve these business plans. For example, ICT (Information and Communication Technology) skills can be adopted to formulate a business plan. 1) ICT enables the possible use of different technologies such as spreadsheets, database, presentation software, SMS, and the Internet. As Goebel (2013) stated that, these technologies could help to develop effective communication between various departments of business. 2) It can help to develop strategies to select proper hardware and software to meet the business needs. 3) ICT can help to use e-commerce technology in business. 4) Cloud storage technology can be used to keep record, store and retrieve private data from employees and employers There are some particular benefits that ICT technology can provide in business. They are mentioned below: Efficient information storage: With the help of ICT technology, huge quantity of data can be stored. Easy retrieval of information: Data can easily be manipulated and accessed with the help of ICT. As Hellang et al. (2013) stated that ICT is useful for business as it is able to provide specific information Efficiency of business operation: Use of computer can save the time of record keeping. In addition, essential information can easily be transferred from one department to another department of a company. Global reach: Using internet connection, a company can expand its market globally (Goebel 2013). User-friendly: ICT technology is highly user-friendly. It provides "prompts" or "what to do menus" from which a particular action can be selected (Christensen and Raynor 2013). Accessibility: As Goebel (2013) stated that, with the help of ICT technology data can be accessed from remote locations. Speed: Computers can perform complex calculations within seconds. It can improve the business operation of a company (Hellang et al. 2013). Cost effectiveness It has been a fund that the price of software and hardware id dropping significantly over years (Manyika et al. 2013). Hence, companies can take this opportunity and use ICT technology to improve their business. Reference list Barrow, C., Barrow, P. and Brown, R., 2012.The business plan workbook. Kogan Page Publishers. Blank, S., 2013. Why the lean start-up changes everything.Harvard business review,91(5), pp.63-72. Christensen, C. and Raynor, M., 2013.The innovator's solution: Creating and sustaining successful growth. Harvard Business Review Press. Goebel, C., 2013. On the business value of ICT-controlled plug-in electric vehicle charging in California.Energy Policy,53, pp.1-10. Hellang, O., Skiftenes Flak, L. and Pivrinta, T., 2013. Diverging approaches to benefits realization from public ICT investments: A study of benefits realization methods of ICT. Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy,7(1), pp.93-108. Kwong, C.C., Thompson, P. and Cheung, C.W., 2012. The effectiveness of social business plan competitions in developing social and civic awareness and participation.Academy of Management Learning Education,11(3), pp.324-348. Manyika, J., Chui, M., Bughin, J., Dobbs, R., Bisson, P. and Marrs, A., 2013.Disruptive technologies: Advances that will transform life, business, and the global economy. San Francisco, CA: McKinsey Global Institute. Mullins, J., 2012.The new business road test: What entrepreneurs and executives should do before writing a business plan. Pearson UK. Nattrass, B. and Altomare, M., 2013.The natural step for business: Wealth, ecology the evolutionary corporation. New Society Publishers. Wentzensen, N. and Wacholder, S., 2013. From differences in means between cases and controls to risk stratification: a business plan for biomarker development.Business discovery,3(2), pp.148-157. Westwood, J., 2013.How to write a marketing plan. Kogan Page Publishers. Zikmund, W.G., Babin, B.J., Carr, J.C. and Griffin, M., 2013.Business research methods. Cengage Learning.